The Multiple Roles of Scottish Woodlands

Author: Annie Yang

PDF Published: Wednesday 09 Sep 2020 (SB 20-58)

Finland has the highest percentage of forest cover in Europe, followed by Sweden; Scotland has one of the lowest areas covered

Image: International comparison forest cover across Europe in 2015

74% of Scottish woodland is coniferous. UK coverage of coniferous woodland is 51%

Image: Percentage of conifer and broadleaved woodland in Scotland and the UK in 2019

The majority of conifers in Scotland are owned by the private sector

Image: Conifer woodland species: woodland area in Scotland by ownership and principal species

The majority of broadleaves in Scotland are owned by the private sector

Image: Broadleaved woodland species: woodland area in Scotland by ownership and principal species

The majority of woodland in Scotland is coniferous

Image: Distribution of woodland in Scotland by type in 2011

The largest woodlands in Scotland are in the south and west

Image: Distribution of woodland in Scotland by size in 2011

Since 1971, there has been an overall preference for conifers

Image: Replanting and restocking of conifers and broadleaved species in Scotland from 1971 until 2019.

The majority of visitors to Scotland's forests in 2019 were aged 35 - 54

Image: Visitors to Scottish forest in 2019

Peebles Community Trust has purchased Eshiels woodlands, and is improving biodiversity, and sustainable productive management through community ownership and partnership

Image: Eshiels Community Woodland, Peebles

The majority of Scotland's woodlands are privately owned

Image: Distribution of woodland by ownership in Scotland, in 2011

Image: Area of woodland under public and private ownership in hectares and percentages in Scotland 2019.

91% of Scotland's National Forest Estate woodlands are conifers with broadleaved species at 9%

Image: Percentage of conifer and broadleaved woodlands under public and private ownership in Scotland 2019

The SFS 2019 -2029 provides a ten year framework, supporting the 50 year vision

Image: Scotland's Forestry Strategy

Glenfeshie, located in the Cairngorms National Park, is an example of a shift from a deer oriented estate to a rewilding project promoting natural woodland regeneration

Image: Glenfeshie native woodland regeneration

The multiple objectives of the SFS seek to align with the NPF national outcomes, and the UN SDGs

Image: The linkages between the SFS vision and objectives for forestry, key Scottish Government National Outcomes and the associated UN SDGs.

Silvopastural land use allows forestry and grazing to co-exist

Image: Silvopastoral agroforestry

Image: Drumchapel Woods in north west Glasgow

Peatland restoration is fundamental for sequestering carbon

Image: Fallen trees at the shore at Culbin

Image: Forest cover change in hectares (ha) and % in Scotland and Scotland's forestry policy changes in the the last 100 years

Image: Grading a new road, 1960

Key policies, Acts and strategies that have occurred since 1948

Image: Policy changes relevant for Scotland's woodlands and forestry

Scottish greenhouse gas emissions have been steadily reducing since 1998, primarily due to the closure of coal fired power stations

Image: Scottish Greenhouse Gas Emissions, 1990 to 2018. Values in MtCO2e

Land use, Land use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) is the only sector in Scotland that is a carbon sink

Image: Main Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Scotland, 1990 to 2018. Values in MtCO2e

Trees can remove CO2 from the atmosphere and store it. The stored CO2 can later be released either through decaying biomass as litter (foliage, deadwood etc.) or absorbed in the soil

Image: Sources of Scottish Greenhouse Gas Emissions, 2017. Values in MtCO2e.

The greatest proportion of woodfuel used in Scotland in 2018 was virgin fibre

Image: Woodfuel usage by fuel categories Scotland 2018

The UK is one of the biggest importers of wood in the world, after China and Japan

Image: Largest net importers and exporters of forest products, 2017 ($billion)

All woodland bird species have been decreasing since the 1970s

Image: Status of woodland bird populations in the UK, from 1970 to 2017

Atlantic woodlands, located mostly in the West Highlands and Argyll have 'global significance', not just for trees but also mosses, liverworts, lichens, fungi and ferns

Image: Atlantic woodland in Argyll

Large landscape scale native woodland restoration projects are underway

Image: Carrifran woodland restoration in the Southern Uplands of Scotland

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